Answer
Kwambara kwifata bibera mumasangano aho imiraba yumuraba ihurira mumasoko ya Crest-to-Crest cyangwa aho bihurira mugihe cyizuba. Munsi yumubyigano mwinshi, amplitike nkeya, umuvuduko wumuvuduko waho hamwe na microscopique ugereranije ukuraho icyerekezo cya oxyde ikingira ibyuma bitagira umwanda, biganisha ku kwambara nabi no 'kwangirika kwangirika' (bikunze kugaragara nkifu yumutuku cyangwa umukara). Ibi bigabanya umubyimba wibikoresho $ t $, bigabanya cyane ubushobozi bwimitwaro ($ P ∝ t ^ 3 $) kandi bigatera ibyago byo guhangayika biganisha kumunaniro. Gusiga amavuta hamwe na firime yumye molybdenum disulfide cyangwa kwerekana impuzu zikomeye zirashobora kugabanya ibi mubikorwa bikora.