Answer
Isoko ya 'Shim End' igaragara hejuru yubuso bwa dogere 360 kuri buri mpera, mugihe isoko 'Ikibaya cyanyuma' irangirira kumpera yumuraba. Iboneza rya Shim End bitanga $ 360 ^ {\ umuzenguruko} $ gukwirakwiza umutwaro $ P $ kubice byo guhuza, bikuraho neza ingingo-yipakurura ijyanye nimpera zisanzwe. Mubiharuro, ibi bigabanya aho uhurira na $ \ sigma_ {guhuza} $ kandi bikabuza amasoko 'gucukura' mubikoresho byamazu byoroshye (nka aluminium). Urebye igipimo, shim ihinduka ikora nkibishingwe bikaze, byemeza ko umubare wimikorere ihinduka $ Z $ ukomeza guhora murwego rwo gutandukana, mugihe impera zisanzwe zishobora 'kuzunguruka' kandi bigahindura gato $ N $ neza nkuko byegereye intebe.