Describe the effect of housing and shaft tolerances on the performance of a nested wave spring during manual assembly.

Nested wave springs, consisting of multiple turns coiled in parallel, require tight control over the radial cavity. The total radial wall expansion during compression is significant; if the housing bore is at the Minimum Material Condition (MMC) and the spring's $D_{outer}$ is at its maximum tolerance, the spring can bind, leading to unpredictable load-deflection behavior or permanent deformation. During installation, the spring must be guided by a mandrel if placed on a shaft or a pilot if placed in a bore. Misalignment during assembly can lead to 'shingling' where the nested layers do not stack uniformly, causing a localized stress spike $\sigma = (6 \cdot P \cdot D_m) / (n^2 \cdot b \cdot t^2)$ that deviates from the design intent.