Official Answer
Answer
Nested wave springs consist of multiple turns coiled in parallel, resulting in a higher load capacity in a small footprint. During compression, the waves flatten, causing an increase in the mean diameter ($D_m$). The radial expansion $\Delta D$ can be estimated by $\Delta D = 0.045 imes _x000c_rac{\delta^2 imes N^2}{D_m}$ for certain geometries, where $\delta$ is the deflection per wave. If the housing clearance is insufficient, the spring will bind against the ID of the bore, causing friction-induced hysteresis and premature fatigue failure. Engineers must specify a 'work in housing' diameter that accounts for the maximum expansion at the solid height, typically including a 3-5% diametrical safety margin.
