Official Answer
Answer
Ring shear capacity ($P_r$) is the axial load required to physically shear the ring's cross-section, calculated as $P_r = \frac{D imes t imes ext{\pi} imes S_s}{K}$, where $S_s$ is the shear strength of the ring material ($S_s \approx 0.577 imes S_u$). Usually, $P_r$ is significantly higher than the groove deformation capacity ($P_g$). For a ring to fail in shear, the groove must be deep and the housing material must be extremely hard. In most engineering failures, the groove wall yields first, leading to an angular deflection of the ring (dishing), which causes it to climb out of the groove before shear stress reaches the ultimate limit.
