Answer
Passivation nubuvuzi bwa chimique bugamije gukuraho ibyuma byubusa hejuru yicyuma kitagira umwanda, byongera chromium-oxyde ikingira. Kumuzingo ugumana impeta mugukoresha ubuvuzi cyangwa inyanja, AMS 2700 (Uburyo bwa 1 ukoresheje Acide ya Nitric cyangwa Method 2 ukoresheje Citric Acide) nibisanzwe. 316 Stainless Steel, containing $2$-$3\%$ Molybdenum, offers superior pitting resistance compared to 302/304. During the coiling of spiral rings, the material is work-hardened, and the edges may have microscopic iron contaminants from the tooling. Citric acid passivation is increasingly preferred as it is environmentally safer and more selective in removing only the free iron, ensuring the $360^{\circ}$ spiral surface remains inert in chloride-rich environments.
