Answer
Passivation (kuri ASTM A967) nubuvuzi bwimiti muri acide ya nitric cyangwa citricike ikuraho icyuma cya 'tramp' nibindi byanduza hejuru mubyuma bitagira umwanda. Iyi nzira yongerera imbaraga urwego ruto, rukingira chromium-oxyde. Hatabayeho passivation, uduce duto twa microscopique duhereye kubikoresho byo gukora birashobora gushirwa hejuru yimpeta kandi bigatera 'uburabyo' cyangwa ibyobo byahantu hashobora kwangirika. Kuri 316 Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, birimo molybdenum kugirango irwanye chloride nziza, passivation ningirakamaro kubisabwa mu nyanja kugirango hirindwe kwangirika kwangirika mu ishyamba aho amazi ashobora guhagarara.