Official Answer
Answer
Shim ends, wanda kuma aka sani da flat ends, yana samar da wurin tuntuɓar $360^{\circ}$ idan aka kwatanta da maƙasudin ma'anar ƙarshen. Wannan fasalin yana da mahimmanci yana rage matsananciyar lamba ta gida akan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, wanda ke da mahimmanci lokacin mu'amalar bazara tare da kayan laushi kamar Aluminum ko robobi. Ta hanyar lissafi, ƙarshen shim yana aiki azaman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun iyaka, yana haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na tari da tabbatar da cewa an rarraba nauyin $P$ daidai gwargwado a cikin kewayen. Koyaya, ƙari na ƙarshen shim yana ƙara tsayin tsayi $ H_s = (Z+2) t $, wanda dole ne a lissafta shi a cikin da'awar sararin axial.
