Official Answer
Answer
In hydraulic applications, wave springs are often used as energizers for PTFE seals. The primary risk is 'washout' or displacement by high-velocity fluid flow. The spring must be securely seated in a groove. Additionally, the hydraulic fluid must be compatible with the spring material; for instance, phosphate ester fluids require stainless steel or high-nickel alloys rather than carbon steel. During installation, the spring must not be over-compressed beyond its solid height, as hydraulic systems can generate massive forces that could crush the waves and cause permanent deformation, leading to seal leakage. Proper venting of the spring cavity is also required to prevent 'pressure trapping' which could oppose the spring's force.
