Official Answer
Answer
Galling on the housing bore is a sign that the wave spring's radial expansion is causing excessive force against the housing wall during compression. This is common when the spring material is similar in hardness to the housing material (e.g., a stainless steel spring in a stainless steel bore). Diagnosis involves inspecting the bore for material transfer and scoring marks aligned with the wave peaks. The solution is to: 1) Increase the clearance between the spring $D_{out}$ and the bore; 2) Harden the housing surface (e.g., nitriding or anodizing for aluminum); 3) Use a spring with 'Turn-down' ends to ensure the sharp edges of the wire do not dig into the bore.
